Présentation de la surveillance et de la supervision de l’aide médicale à mourir (AMM) au Canada
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.58931/cjom.2025.119Résumé
Depuis l’adoption du projet de loi C-14 en 2016 et l’évolution subséquente de la législation sous la forme du projet de loi C-7 en 2021, l’aide médicale à mourir (AMM) occupe une place importante dans le paysage canadien des soins de fin de vie. En 2023, 15 343 personnes ont bénéficié de l’AMM, ce qui représente 4,7 % des décès dans tout le pays. La grande majorité de ces cas (95,9 %, n = 14 721 décès) concernaient des personnes dont la mort naturelle était raisonnablement prévisible (voie 1), tandis que les 4,1 % restants (n = 622) concernaient des personnes dont la mort n’était pas raisonnablement prévisible (voie 2).
La surveillance et la supervision sont essentielles pour garantir la transparence et la responsabilisation du système canadien d’AMM ainsi que pour renforcer la confiance du public. La surveillance fournit des données importantes sur une panoplie de facteurs, tels que le profil des personnes qui reçoivent l’AMM, les problèmes de santé sous-jacents et l’implication des cliniciens. La supervision examine la conformité à la loi. Ensemble, la surveillance et la supervision peuvent favoriser des soins de haute qualité aux patients, qualité qui peut encore être améliorée grâce à la formation et au partage d’informations.
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