La marginalisation structurelle est-elle favorable à l’aide médicale à mourir (AMM) au Canada? Interprétation des données d’observation, du contexte social et des rapports réglementaires
Résumé
Le présent article analyse les données actuelles sur l’aide médicale à mourir (AMM) au Canada, avec une attention particulière portée à l’interprétation des données observationnelles et démographiques. Il aborde la manière dont la marginalisation structurelle sert d’indicateur de la vulnérabilité, en analysant ce que cela peut révéler sur la capacité décisionnelle et le caractère volontaire des choix en matière d’AMM. S’appuyant sur des ensembles de données de population et des études de cas, l’analyse révèle que, selon tous les critères disponibles, les bénéficiaires de l’AMM ont un meilleur statut socioéconomique, un meilleur accès aux services et une meilleure expérience à l’approche de la mort que l’ensemble de la population. Ces résultats réfutent les affirmations courantes selon lesquelles la marginalisation et la vulnérabilité favorisent les demandes d’AMM et remettent en question la notion que la marginalisation mine le caractère volontaire des personnes qui demandent l’AMM. Le présent article vise à clarifier ce que les données actuelles nous apprennent ou non sur l’AMM dans la pratique, en mettant l’accent sur la nécessité d’une interprétation nuancée pour orienter les futures politiques et lois en matière de santé relatives à l’AMM.
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